A well-functioning immune system is vital for a healthy body. Inadequate and excessive
immune responses underlie diverse pathologies such as serious infections, metastatic …

Airway remodeling is generally quite broadly defined as any change in composition,
distribution, thickness, mass or volume and/or number of structural components observed in …

Air pollution is a global health threat and causes millions of human deaths annually. The late
onset of respiratory diseases in children and adults due to prenatal or perinatal exposure to …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the end result of a series of dynamic and
cumulative gene–environment interactions over a lifetime. The evolving understanding of …

Although it is well accepted that air pollution exposure exacerbates preexisting airway
disease, it has not been firmly established that long-term pollution exposure increases the …

Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that children who grow up on traditional
farms are protected from asthma, hay fever and allergic sensitization. Early-life contact with …

Airway remodeling encompasses the structural alterations in asthmatic compared with
normal airways. Airway remodeling in asthmatic patients involves a wide array of …

Introduction: Childhood respiratory illness is a major cause of morbidity and mortality
particularly in low and middle-income countries. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) …

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease in which bronchial wall remodelling
plays a significant role. This phenomenon is related to enhanced proliferation of airway …

Rationale: Few studies have investigated the factors associated with the early inception of
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objectives: We investigated COPD risk …