Cellular signaling networks are the foundation which determines the fate and function of
cells as they respond to various cues and stimuli. The discovery of fluorescent proteins over …

Förster or fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technology and genetically
encoded FRET biosensors provide a powerful tool for visualizing signaling molecules in live …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) relay extracellular stimuli into specific cellular
functions. Cells express many different GPCRs, but all these GPCRs signal to only a few …

Cells relay a plethora of extracellular signals to specific cellular responses by using only a
few second messengers, such as cAMP. To explain signaling specificity, cAMP-degrading …

Heterotrimeric G-proteins (Gαβγ) are the main transducers of signals from GPCRs,
mediating the action of countless natural stimuli and therapeutic agents. However, there are …

Current single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) techniques can produce images
of large protein assemblies and macromolecular complexes at atomic level detail without the …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are ligand-activated cell membrane proteins and
represent the most important class of drug targets. GPCRs adopt several active …

While the dynamics of the intracellular surface in agonist-stimulated GPCRs is well studied,
the impact of GPCR dynamics on G-protein selectivity remains unclear. Here, we combine …

We achieved optofluidic protein lasing using genetically encoded fluorescent protein FRET
pairs linked by length-tunable peptides. Up to 25-fold reduction in the donor laser emission …

Linkers play critical roles in the construction of synthetic protein switches and sensors as
they functionally couple a receptor with an actuator. With an increasing number of molecular …