Zinc (Zn), which is regarded as a crucial micronutrient for plants, and is considered to be a
vital micronutrient for plants. Zn has a significant role in the biochemistry and metabolism of …

Phytochelatins (PCs) are small cysteine-rich peptides capable of binding metal (loid) s via
SH-groups. Although the biosynthesis of PCs can be induced in vivo by various metal (loid) …

The functions of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, molybdenum, boron, and chlorine in
plants are discussed. Iron (Fe) plays a crucial role in redox systems in cells and various …

Arsenic (As) stress is mainly responsible for hampering seed germination and plant
development. Accumulation of As in grains poses a major threat to agricultural output and …

The constant discharge of large quantities of toxic substances due to human activities has
led to a global environmental issue. Numerous industrial sectors' effluents, which include …

Simple Summary The legume–rhizobium symbiosis is one of the most beneficial interactions
with high importance in agriculture, as it delivers nitrogen to plants and soil, thereby …

Horticultural crop quality is an important aspect of agricultural production because it directly
influences customer preference, market value, and overall sustainability. Micronutrients are …

Toxic substances have a deleterious effect on biological systems if accrued in ecosystems
beyond their acceptable limit. A natural ecosystem can become contaminated due to the …

Pollution is a significant problem in both industrialized and developing countries, as well as
in some developed countries. Heavy metal pollution poses a crucial concern for …

Heavy metals (HMs) pollution is one of the most important environmental and agricultural
soil challenges, and it is mostly caused by anthropogenic activities. International agricultural …