Tobacco products present a deadly combination of nicotine addiction and carcinogen
exposure resulting in millions of cancer deaths per year worldwide. A plethora of smokeless …

Background The changing prevalence and patterns of tobacco use, the advent of novel
nicotine delivery devices, and the development of new biomarkers prompted an update of …

The tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines 4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
(NNK) and N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) always occur together and exclusively in tobacco …

Nitrosamines occur widespread in food, drinking water, cosmetics, as well as tobacco smoke
and can arise endogenously. More recently, nitrosamines have been detected as impurities …

Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a natural product found as a conjugate in watercress and
other cruciferous vegetables, is an inhibitor of the metabolic activation and lung …

Tobacco use is a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality globally. Tobacco
products, including smokeless tobacco (ST), generally contain tobacco-specific N …

Abstract The Multiethnic Cohort Study has demonstrated that African Americans and Native
Hawaiians have a higher risk for lung cancer due to cigarette smoking than Whites while …

The Multiethnic Cohort epidemiology study has clearly demonstrated that, compared to
Whites and for the same number of cigarettes smoked, African Americans and Native …

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths due to its high incidence, late
diagnosis, and limited success in clinical treatment. Prevention therefore is critical to help …

The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a
potent pulmonary carcinogen in laboratory animals. It is classified as a Group 1 human …