Accumulating evidence indicates that aging is associated with a chronic low-level
inflammation, termed sterile-inflammation. Sterile-inflammation is a form of pathogen-free …

Injury caused by oxidative stress occurs in many clinical scenarios involving ischemia and
reperfusion such as organ transplantation, hemorrhagic shock (HS), myocardial infarction …

There is increasing evidence that astrocytes play important roles in immune regulation in the
brain. Astrocytes express toll‐like receptors (TLR) and build up responses to innate immune …

Stroke is the world's second leading cause of mortality, with a high incidence of severe
morbidity in surviving victims. There are currently relatively few treatment options available …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Altered gastrointestinal motility is associated with significant
morbidity and health care costs. Toll-like receptors (TLR) regulate intestinal homeostasis …

One of the fundamental mechanisms whereby the innate immune system coordinates
inflammatory signal transduction is through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which function to …

Ischemic stroke, producing a high mortality and morbidity rate, is a common clinical disease.
Enhancing the prevention and control of ischemic stroke is particularly important. Baicalin …

Inflammation is an innate immune response to infection or tissue damage that is designed to
limit harm to the host, but contributes significantly to ischemic brain injury following stroke …

Misfolding and intracellular aggregation of α-synuclein are thought to be crucial factors in
the pathogenesis of Lewy body diseases (LBDs), such as Parkinson disease. However, the …

Neuroprotection and brain repair in patients after acute brain damage are still major
unfulfilled medical needs. Pharmacological treatments are either ineffective or confounded …