Childhood trauma (CT) can have persistent effects on the brain and is one of the major risk
factors for neuropsychiatric diseases in adulthood. Recent advances in the field of …

Persistent symptoms of depression suggest the involvement of stable molecular adaptations
in brain, which may be reflected at the level of chromatin remodeling. We find that chronic …

The transmission of traits across generations has typically been attributed to the inheritance
by offspring of genomic information from parental generations. However, recent evidence …

Epigenetics refers to heritable changes that are not encoded in the DNA sequence itself, but
play an important role in the control of gene expression. In mammals, epigenetic …

Based on the idea that electric light at night might account for a portion of the high and rising
risk of breast cancer worldwide, it was predicted long ago that women working a non-day …

We review studies with human and nonhuman species that examine the hypothesis that
epigenetic mechanisms, particularly those affecting the expression of genes implicated in …

Fortification of food with folic acid to reduce the number of neural tube defects was
introduced 10 y ago in North America. Many countries are considering whether to adopt this …

Inconsistencies exist in literature examining hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis
activity in children and adults who have experienced childhood abuse. Hence, the extent …

The idea that inherited genotypes define phenotypes has been paramount in modern
biology. The question remains, however, whether stable phenotypes could be also inherited …

Parental care influences development across mammals. In humans such influences include
effects on phenotypes, such as stress reactivity, which determine individual differences in …