Kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonists have known anti-addiction properties and can reduce
drug seeking. Their potential for clinical use has largely been daunted by their aversive …

Increases in drug consumption over time, also known as escalation, is a key behavioral
component of substance use disorder (SUD) that is related to potential harm to users, such …

Acupuncture is an ancient therapeutic intervention that can be traced back at least 2100
years and is emerging worldwide as one of the most widely used therapies in the field of …

Purpose The application of sedation and analgesia in spinal anesthesia has many benefits,
but the risk of respiratory depression (RD) caused by opioids cannot be ignored. We aimed …

The effect of psychoactive drugs on depression has usually been studied in cases of
prolonged drug addiction and/or withdrawal, without much emphasis on the effects of …

Cocaine‐experienced W istar and W istar K yoto (WKY) rats received four daily repeated
forced swim stress sessions (R‐FSS), each of which preceded 4‐hour cocaine self …

Cocaine addiction is a global public health and socioeconomic issue that requires
pharmacological and cognitive therapies. Currently there are no FDA-approved medications …

Psychiatric disorders are often considered as simple imbalances between a limited number
of cerebral neurotransmitters. In fact, it is more complicated than this “simple approach” and …

Previous studies with aminothiazolomorphinans suggested that this class of opioid ligands
may be useful as a potential pharmacotherapeutic to decrease drug abuse. Novel …

Tobacco addiction is characterized by a lack of control over smoking and relapse after
periods of abstinence. Smoking cessation leads to a dysphoric state that contributes to …