Subclinical thyroid disease (SCTD) is defined as serum free T4 and free T3 levels within
their respective reference ranges in the presence of abnormal serum TSH levels. SCTD is …

The cardiovascular signs and symptoms of thyroid disease are some of the most profound
and clinically relevant findings that accompany both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism …

Thyroid hormone exerts a large number of influences on the cardiovascular system.
Increased thyroid hormone action increases the force and speed of systolic contraction and …

Objectives To what extent persons with subclinical hyper-or hypothyroidism are more (or
less) likely to die than euthyroid control subjects remains a matter of controversy. Methods …

Subclinical thyroid dysfunction (STD) represents a condition of slight thyroid hormone
excess or deficiency, which may be associated with important adverse effects. This review …

Even though most thyroid subjects are undiagnosed due to nonspecific symptoms, universal
screening for thyroid disease is not recommended for the general population. In this study …

Evidence suggests that hyperthyroidism adversely affects bone, but the condition is rare and
probably contributes little to postmenopausal osteoporosis. Subclinical hyperthyroidism …

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH), defined as an asymptomatic state characterized by normal
serum concentrations of free thyroxine and elevated serum concentrations of TSH. The aim …

Prompt treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant women is mandatory to
decrease risks for pregnancy complications and impaired cognitive development in …

Background Neuromuscular abnormalities and low exercise tolerance are frequently
observed in overt hypothyroidism, but it remains controversial if they can also occur in …