In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of
melatonin (MLT) on neuropathic pain (NP)-induced anxiety and depression in a rat model …

Simple Summary Scientists use animal models to study the mechanisms of human diseases
and find new drugs to treat them. Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress is the best animal …

There is a paucity of data on the role of microglia and neuroinflammatory processes in the
association between chronic pain and depression. The current study examined the effect of …

The past decade has revealed neuroinflammation as an important mechanism of major
depressive disorder (MDD). Nod-like receptors family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) …

Chronic pain is a serious public health problem with a strong affective-motivational
component that makes it difficult to treat. Most patients with chronic pain suffer from severe …

Pain and depression are frequently co-existent in clinical practice, yet the underlying
mechanisms remain largely to be determined. Microglia activation and subsequent pro …

In humans, depression is often associated with low-grade inflammation, activation of the
tryptophan/kynurenine pathway, and mild lymphopenia. Preclinical research confirms that …

Psychosocial stress is a major risk factor for mood and anxiety disorders, in which excessive
reactivity to aversive events/stimuli is a major psychopathology. In terms of pathophysiology …

Background Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and pain frequently coexist clinically.
Ketamine has analgesic and antidepressant effects, but few studies have evaluated …

Introduction: Increased IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) levels in depressed patients
was first shown over 20 years ago. The pro-inflammatory effects of IL-6 are predominantly …