Traditional approaches to the characterization of secondary or functional mitral regurgitation
(MR) have largely ignored the critical importance of the left ventricle (LV). We propose that …

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education credit through an online activity related to this article. Certificates are available for …

Pulsatile blood flow through the cavities of the heart and great vessels is time-varying and
multidirectional. Access to all regions, phases and directions of cardiovascular flows has …

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most prevalent valvular heart disease in developed
countries and is associated with the development of severe secondary complications such …

Importance Traditionally, physicians distinguished between mitral regurgitation (MR) as a
determinant of outcomes and MR as a biomarker of left-ventricular (LV) dysfunction by …

Secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) is associated with poor outcomes, but its correction
does not reverse the underlying left ventricular (LV) pathology or improve the prognosis. The …

Background—Both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac magnetic resonance
(CMR) imaging allow quantification of chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) and mitral …

Objectives This study was designed to compare the clinical and echocardiographic
characteristics, management, and outcomes of severe atrial functional mitral regurgitation …

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an accurate method for the quantitative
assessment of organic mitral regurgitation (OMR). The aim of the present study was to …

Accurate quantification of regurgitant volume is a central component to the management of
mitral regurgitation. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) accurately quantifies mitral …