Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important crops in the world. Since the completion of
rice reference genome sequences, tremendous progress has been achieved in …

Increasing interest is devoted to carbohydrates for their roles in plant immunity. Some of
them are elicitors of plant defenses whereas other ones act as signaling molecules in a …

Pathogenic bacteria invade plant tissues and proliferate in the extracellular space. Plants
have evolved the immune system to recognize and limit the growth of pathogens. Despite …

Microbe‐associated molecular pattern (MAMP)‐triggered immunity plays critical roles in the
basal resistance defense response in plants. Chitin and peptidoglycan (PGN) are major …

Perception of pathogen (or microbe)‐associated molecular patterns (PAMP s/MAMP s) by
pattern recognition receptors (PRR s) is a key component of plant innate immunity. The …

Programmed cell death (PCD) plays critical roles in plant immunity but must be regulated to
prevent excessive damage. The E3 ubiquitin ligase SPL11 negatively regulates PCD and …

Numerous plant defense-related proteins are thought to congregate in plasma membrane
microdomains, which consist mainly of sphingolipids and sterols. However, the extent to …

Infection-related development of phytopathogenic fungi is initiated by sensing and
responding to plant surface cues. This response can result in the formation of specialized …

Plant plasma membrane localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detect extracellular
pathogen-associated molecules. PRRs such as Arabidopsis EFR and rice XA21 are …

Biocontrol of plant diseases through induction of systemic resistance is an environmental
friendly substitute to chemicals in crop protection measures. Different biotic and abiotic …