Three types of vascular dysfunction have been described in multiple sclerosis (MS). First,
findings from epidemiological studies suggest that patients with MS have a higher risk for …

Venous abnormalities contribute to the pathophysiology of several neurological conditions.
This paper reviews the literature regarding venous abnormalities in multiple sclerosis (MS) …

We present a global, closed‐loop, multiscale mathematical model for the human circulation
including the arterial system, the venous system, the heart, the pulmonary circulation and the …

Objective Venoplasty has been proposed, alongside the theory of chronic cerebrospinal
venous insufficiency (CCSVI), as a treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite concerns …

Background The role of the extracranial venous system in the pathology of central nervous
system (CNS) disorders and aging is largely unknown. It is acknowledged that the …

Background Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) remains one of those neurodegenerative
diseases for which the cause remains unknown. Many clinically diagnosed cases of IPD are …

OBJECTIVES: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is associated with
multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of the study was to see if percutaneous transluminal …

Objectives: Many multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions develop around small veins that are
surrounded by perivenular inflammatory cells, but whether veins in the brains of people with …

In 2006, Zamboni reintroduced the concept that chronic impaired venous outflow of the
central nervous system is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), coining the term of chronic …

We assessed the hemodynamic effects induced by the thoracic pump in the intra-and
extracranial veins of the cerebral venous system on healthy volunteers. Activation of the …