Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pulmonary
disease with a median survival of 2–4 years after diagnosis. A significant number of IPF …

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a key signaling and regulatory molecule involved
in different biological processes, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and wound …

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2-induced coronavirus
disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease that affects> 2.8 million people worldwide …

Galectin (Gal)-3 is a profibrotic β-galactoside-binding lectin that plays a key role in the
pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and IPF exacerbations. TD139 is a novel …

Pathological remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by fibroblasts leads to organ
failure. Development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by a progressive …

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease with a high mortality
rate. Because the signaling pathways activated by several tyrosine kinase receptors have …

Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α have been linked to a number of
pulmonary inflammatory diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …

Background Fibroblastic foci are characteristic features in lung parenchyma of patients with
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). They comprise aggregates of mesenchymal cells which …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease, with a median survival as short
as 3 years from the time of diagnosis and no pharmacological therapies yet approved by the …

Perturbation of lung homeostasis is frequently associated with progressive and fatal
respiratory diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is …