The trade in agricultural commodities is a backbone of the global economy but is a major
cause of negative social and environmental impacts, not least deforestation. Commodity …

Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana, the world's largest producers of cocoa, account for two thirds of the
global cocoa production. In both countries, cocoa is the primary perennial crop, providing …

Baobab is a priority pan-African tree species that can be put on a similar pedestal as cocoa.
The wild and indigenous baobab has the potential for similar importance in tropical …

Cocoa production has been identified as a major global driver of deforestation, but its
precise contribution to deforestation dynamics in West Africa remains unclear. It is also …

Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana are the largest producers of cocoa in the world. In recent decades
the cultivation of this crop has led to the loss of vast tracts of forest areas in both countries …

It is often claimed that cocoa producers are poor, but the extent of their poverty is rarely
defined. We analyzed six data sets derived from household questionnaires of 385–88,896 …

The production and trade of agricultural commodities, such as cocoa, have important
impacts on farmer livelihoods and the environment, prompting a growing number of …

Impact assessments are used to raise evidence and guide the implementation of
sustainability strategies in commodity value chains. Due to methodological and data …

Climate models predict decreasing precipitation and increasing air temperature, causing
concern for the future of cocoa in the major producing regions worldwide. It has been …

To tackle the multiple challenges facing the cocoa sector, voluntary sustainability standards
and corporate initiatives, largely focusing on farm and farmer group scale, are often …