Acidic metabolic waste products accumulate in the tumor microenvironment because of high
metabolic activity and insufficient perfusion. In tumors, the acidity of the interstitial space and …

The high metabolic demand of cancer cells leads to an accumulation of H+ ions in the
tumour microenvironment. The disorganized tumour vasculature prevents an efficient wash …

Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and its incidence is rising, creating a costly
and significant clinical problem. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, namely UVA (315 …

Intense interest in the'Warburg effect'has been revived by the discovery that hypoxia-
inducible factor 1 (HIF1) reprogrammes pyruvate oxidation to lactic acid conversion; lactic …

Mitophagy, the selective engulfment and clearance of mitochondria, is essential for the
homeostasis of a healthy network of functioning mitochondria and prevents excessive …

The tumor microenvironment is acidic due to glycolytic cancer cell metabolism, hypoxia, and
deficient blood perfusion. It is proposed that acidosis in the tumor microenvironment is an …

Cancer cells acquire an unusual glycolytic behavior relative, to a large extent, to their
intracellular alkaline pH (pH i). This effect is part of the metabolic alterations found in most, if …

Background Aberrant energy metabolism is a hallmark of cancer. To fulfill the increased
energy requirements, tumor cells secrete cytokines/factors inducing muscle and fat …

Melanomas are metabolically heterogeneous, and they are able to adapt in order to utilize a
variety of fuels that facilitate tumor progression and metastasis. The significance of …

Autophagy, the major lysosomal pathway for recycling intracellular components including
whole organelles, is emerging as a key process modulating tumorigenesis, tumor–stroma …