Chronic, low-grade adipose tissue inflammation is a key etiological mechanism linking the
increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. It is well recognized that the …

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important signal transducing enzymes,
unique to eukaryotes, that are involved in many facets of cellular regulation. Initial research …

The glioblastoma (GBM) stem cell–like cells (GSCs) are critical for tumorigenesis/therapeutic
resistance of GBM. Mounting evidence supports tumor-promoting function of long noncoding …

Cells respond to changes in the physical and chemical properties of the environment. These
changes include alterations in the amount of nutrients, growth factors, cytokines, and …

MAP kinases are among the most ancient signal transduction pathways and are widely used
throughout evolution in many physiological processes. In mammalian species, MAP kinases …

This review describes the structure and functions of Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) and its
homologs. Interactions of YB-1 with DNA, mRNAs, and proteins are considered. Data on the …

Consistent with the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in down-regulating gene expression by
reducing the translation and/or stability of target messenger RNAs, the levels of specific …

Positive and negative costimulation by members of the CD28 family is critical for the
development of productive immune responses against foreign pathogens and their proper …

Inherently unstable mammalian mRNAs contain AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3′
untranslated regions. Although found 15 years ago, the mechanism by which AREs dictate …

We sought to determine whether nucleolin, a bcl-2 mRNA-binding protein, has a role in the
regulation of bcl-2 mRNA stability in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells …