The vast majority of agricultural land undergoes abiotic stress that can significantly reduce
agricultural yields. Understanding the mechanisms of plant defenses against stresses and …

By the year 2050, the world's population is predicted to have grown to around 9–10 billion
people. The food demand in many countries continues to increase with population growth …

Perfluorinated and polyfluorinated compounds (PFASs) are a class of synthetic chemical
substances that are widely used in human production and life, such as fire-fighting foams …

To survive under cold temperatures plants must be able to perceive a cold signal and
transduce it into downstream components that induce appropriate defense mechanisms. In …

Adverse variations of abiotic environmental cues that deviate from an optimal range impose
stresses to plants. Abiotic stresses severely impede plant physiology and development …

Cold stress has always been a significant limitation for plant development and causes
substantial decreases in crop yield. Some temperate plants, such as Arabidopsis, have the …

Calcium (Ca 2+) serves as an essential nutrient as well as a signaling agent in all
eukaryotes. In plants, calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) are a unique group of Ca 2+ …

Drought stress, caused by lack of precipitation or irrigation, is one of the most challenging
problems in crop production in the US and worldwide. Drought alone affects 45% of the …

Plants confront multifarious environmental stresses widely divided into abiotic and biotic
stresses, of which heavy metal stress represents one of the most damaging abiotic stresses …

Plants have been interacting with insects for several hundred million years, leading to
complex defense approaches against various insect feeding strategies. Some defenses are …