Tissue engineering strategies for treating bone loss to date have largely focused on
targeting stem cells or vascularization. Immune cells, including macrophages and T cells …

Osteoporosis, femoral head necrosis, and congenital bone defects are orthopedic disorders
characterized by reduced bone generation and insufficient bone mass. Bone regenerative …

The use of engineered scaffolds or stem cells is investigated widely in the repair of injured
musculoskeletal tissue. However, the combined regeneration of hierarchical osteochondral …

Background Posterolateral spinal fusion with autologous bone graft is considered the “gold
standard” for lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD) when surgical treatment is indicated …

Small bone defects can heal spontaneously through the bone modeling process due to their
physiological environmental conditions. The bone modeling cycle preserves the reliability of …

Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) are multipotent and have received increasing attention
for their applications in medicine. Cell‐based therapies are optimal for diseases with loss or …

Nerve wrapping improves neurorrhaphy outcomes in case of peripheral nerve injuries
(PNIs). The aim of this preclinical study was to assess the efficacy of two novel …

Segmental bone defects that are caused by trauma, infection, tumor resection, or
osteoporotic fractures present significant surgical treatment challenges. Host bone autograft …

Large bone defects requiring invasive surgical procedures have long been a problem for
orthopedic surgeons. Despite the use of autologous bone grafting, satisfactory results are …

To date, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been considered
the golden standard among MSC cell-based therapies. However, the harvesting of bone …