Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the factors responsible for its
progression need to be elucidated. Exosomes are structures with an average size of 100 nm …

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) possess multi-lineage differentiation and self-
renewal potentials. MSCs-based therapies have been widely utilized for the treatment of …

Cancer is a leading public health problem worldwide. Its treatment remains a daunting
challenge, although significant progress has been made in existing treatments in recent …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane structures enclosing proteins, lipids,
RNAs, metabolites, growth factors, and cytokines. EVs have emerged as essential …

The multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), initially discovered from bone
marrow in 1976, have been identified in nearly all tissues of human body now. The …

RNA-based therapy is a promising and potential strategy for disease treatment by
introducing exogenous nucleic acids such as messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous membranous vesicles secreted by living
cells that are involved in many physiological and pathological processes as intermediaries …

Inflammatory molecules and exosomes are crucial for signal transduction between tumor-
associated macrophages and tumor cells. IL-6, a key inflammatory molecule secreted by M2 …

Retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the main pathogenic mechanisms of
glaucoma, which are largely unknown, including neuroinflammation and neuronal death in …

Nanocarriers as drug/biomolecule delivery systems have been significantly developed
during recent decades. Given the stability, reasonable delivery efficiency, and safety of …