Within a few years of its emergence in the late 1980s, the PRRS virus had spread globally to
become the foremost infectious disease concern for the pork industry. Since 1994, modified …

Besides its importance as a livestock species, pig is increasingly being used as an animal
model for biomedical research. Macrophages play critical roles in immunity to pathogens …

DNA vaccination is an attractive technology, based on its well-established manufacturing
process, safety profile, adaptability to rapidly combat pandemic pathogens, and stability at …

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an RNA virus widely
prevalent in pigs, results in significant economic losses worldwide. PRRSV can escape from …

Advances in antigen targeting in veterinary medicine have gained traction over the years as
an alternative approach for diseases that remain a challenge for traditional vaccines. In …

Immuno-stimulatory class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes of porcine
reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are important for vaccine …

The production of recombinant antibodies has had a tremendous impact on several
research fields, most prominently in biotechnology, immunology and medicine, enabling …

Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the causative agent of hepatitis E, is an important but incompletely
understood pathogen causing high mortality during pregnancy and leading to chronic …

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) first emerged in the United States in 2013 causing
high mortality and morbidity in neonatal piglets with immense economic losses to the swine …

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an RNA virus inducing
abortion in sows and respiratory disease in young pigs, is a leading infectious cause of …