Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer affecting men in the United States.
The prostate is a hormone-dependent gland in which androgen hormones testosterone and …

Therapeutic interventions to harness the immune system against tumor cells have provided
mixed results in the past for several solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. However …

Tumors strongly depend on their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) for growth and
progression, since stromal elements are required to generate the optimal conditions for …

Prostate cancer is the most frequent nonskin cancer and second most common cause of
cancer-related deaths in man. Prostate cancer is a clinically heterogeneous disease with …

The landscape of cancer treatment has been transformed over the past decade by the
success of immune-targeting therapies. However, despite sipuleucel-T being the first-ever …

Purpose: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss of function occurs in approximately
50% of patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), and is …

It is well-known that sex hormones can directly and indirectly influence immune cell function.
Different studies support a suppressive role of androgens on different components of the …

Background Prostate cancer (PC) responds to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) usually
in a transient fashion, progressing from hormone-sensitive PC (HSPC) to castration-resistant …

Simple Summary Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains a significant medical
challenge, even with recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment. To improve patient …

Background Emerging data suggest that patients with enzalutamide-treated prostate cancer
with increased programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression may benefit from anti-PD-L1 …