It has been noticed in recent years that the unfavorable effects of the gut microbiota could
exhaust host vigor and life, yet knowledge and theory are just beginning to be established …

B cells represent a relatively minor cell population within both the healthy and diseased
central nervous system (CNS), yet they can have profound effects. This is emphasized in …

The choroid plexus (ChP) is the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier and the primary
source of CSF. Acquired hydrocephalus, caused by brain infection or hemorrhage, lacks …

Growing evidence from cerebrospinal fluid samples and post-mortem brain tissue from
individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and rodent models indicates that the meninges have …

Chemokine CXC motif ligand 13 (CXCL13), originally identified as a B-cell chemokine, plays
an important role in the immune system. The interaction between CXCL13 and its receptor …

Emerging evidence suggests that the meningeal compartment plays instrumental roles in
various neurological disorders, however, we still lack fundamental knowledge about …

Inflammation conditions are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and cerebral
palsy (CP), primarily observed in the peripheral immune system. However, the extent of …

Hydrocephalus is classically considered as a failure of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
homeostasis that results in the active expansion of the cerebral ventricles. Infants with …

This review describes the role of CXCL1, a chemokine crucial in inflammation as a
chemoattractant for neutrophils, in physiology and in selected major non-cancer diseases …

Background Defining the presence of acute and chronic brain inflammation remains a
challenge to clinicians due to the heterogeneity of clinical presentations and aetiologies …