Macrophages exist in various tissues, several body cavities, and around mucosal surfaces
and are a vital part of the innate immune system for host defense against many pathogens …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical regulator of tumor growth, progression, and
metastasis. Among the innate immune cells recruited to the tumor site, macrophages are the …

Biomaterial implantation is followed by an inflammatory cascade dominated by
macrophages, which determine implant acceptance or rejection through pro-and anti …

Microplastics (MPs), a new and increasing environmental pollutant, can cause ongoing
damage to organisms. Although recent studies have revealed mechanisms of action for …

Natural antioxidants represented by quercetin have been documented to be effective
against atherosclerosis. However, the related mechanisms remain largely unclear. In this …

Cellular cross-talk within the tumor microenvironment (TME) by exosomes is known to
promote tumor progression. Tumor promoting macrophages with an M2 phenotype are …

In vitro models of differing macrophage functions are useful since human monocyte–derived
macrophages are short–lived, finite and vary from donor to donor. Published protocols using …

Macrophages derived from human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cell line are often used as the
alternative of human primary macrophage. However, the polarization method of THP-1 to …

Normal skeletal muscle functions are affected following trauma, chronic diseases, inherited
neuromuscular disorders, aging, and cachexia, hampering the daily activities and quality of …

Cannabinoids, mainly cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), are the most
studied group of compounds obtained from Cannabis sativa because of their several …