Anionic phospholipids, which include phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylserine, and
phosphoinositides, represent a small percentage of membrane lipids. They are able to …

Dysfunction of VAMP-associated protein (VAP) is associated with neurodegeneration, both
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Here we summarize what is known …

ER-mitochondrial contact sites (EMCSs) are important for mitochondrial function. Here, we
have identified a EMCS complex, comprising a family of uncharacterised mitochondrial outer …

Abstract The Arabidopsis EH proteins (AtEH1/Pan1 and AtEH2/Pan1) are components of the
endocytic TPLATE complex (TPC) which is essential for endocytosis. Both proteins are …

Replication and intercellular spread of viruses depend on host mechanisms supporting the
formation, transport and turnover of functional complexes between viral genomes, virus …

Endoplasmic reticulum–plasma membrane contact sites (ER–PM CS) play fundamental
roles in all eukaryotic cells. Arabidopsis thaliana mutants lacking the ER–PM protein tether …

Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system for cytoplasmic constituents which is
mediated by the formation of a double-membrane organelle termed the autophagosome and …

In eukaryotes, membrane contact sites (MCS) allow direct communication between
organelles. Plants have evolved a unique type of MCS, inside intercellular pores, the …

Multicellularity differs in plants and animals in that the cytoplasm, plasma membrane, and
endomembrane of plants are connected between cells through plasmodesmal pores …

Metazoan synaptotagmins are Ca 2+ sensors that regulate exocytosis and endocytosis in
various cell types, notably in nerve and neuroendocrine cells [1, 2]. Recently, the structurally …