The family of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are known for their regulation of
vascularization. In the brain, VEGFs are important regulators of angiogenesis …

Stroke is a major cause of death and adult disability. However, therapeutic options remain
limited. Numerous pathways underlie acute responses of brain tissue to stroke. Early events …

Background Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is one of the most common causes
of stroke worldwide, and it is associated with a high risk of recurrent stroke with currently …

As the organ with the highest demand for oxygen, the brain has a poor tolerance to ischemia
and hypoxia. Despite severe ischemia/hypoxia induces the occurrence and development of …

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) has attracted wide attention as a serious clinical
problem. So far, the field has accumulated a large amount of scientific research literature. To …

Smith and Markus Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Trials 39 dysmetabolism, and glucose
dysregulation that are the primary targets for current ischemic stroke prevention. As an …

Background and Purpose—We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of remote ischemic
conditioning (RIC) in patients with cerebral small-vessel disease. Methods—Thirty patients …

Despite decades of formidable exploration, multi-organ ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)
encountered, particularly amongst elderly patients with clinical scenarios, such as age …

Background Limb remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) protects against brain injury
induced by stroke, but the underlying protective mechanisms remain unknown. As hypoxia …

Background Subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is very common among the
older people, but has no approved treatment. Preclinical trials show that remote ischemic …