Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are generated through various endogenous
and exogenous processes; however, they are neutralized by enzymatic and non-enzymatic …

Cancer remains as one of the most significant health problems, with approximately 19
million people diagnosed worldwide each year. Chemotherapy is a routinely used method to …

Redox reactions are intrinsically linked to energy metabolism. Therefore, redox processes
are indispensable for organismal physiology and life itself. The term reactive oxygen species …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are bioproducts of cellular metabolism. There is a range of
molecules with oxidizing properties known as ROS. Despite those molecules being implied …

Aging is the progressive loss of organ and tissue function over time. Growing older is
positively linked to cognitive and biological degeneration such as physical frailty …

Cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen
receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, have transformed clinical oncology. However, limited patient …

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a compound involved in some mammalian reactions and
processes. It modulates and signals the redox metabolism of cells by acting as a messenger …

Cancer is one of the most severe culprits that endanger human lives. Numerous novel
nanomaterials and techniques emerge to achieve the enhanced therapeutic efficiency for …

Autophagy is a catabolic process for unnecessary or dysfunctional cytoplasmic contents by
lysosomal degradation pathways. Autophagy is implicated in various biological processes …

The importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been gradually acknowledged over
the last four decades. Initially perceived as unwanted products of detrimental oxidative …