The main breakthrough in tumor immunotherapy was the discovery of immune checkpoint
(IC) proteins, which act as a potent suppressor of the immune system by a myriad of …

Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy has become a promising therapeutic
strategy with encouraging therapeutic outcomes due to their durable anti-tumor effects …

Currently, immunotherapy targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or programmed death
ligand 1 (PD-L1) has revolutionized the treatment strategy of human cancer patients …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are monoclonal antibodies which bind to immune
checkpoints (IC) and their ligands to prevent inhibition of T-cell activation by tumor cells …

Abstract PD-1 (programed death-1)/PD-L1 (programed death-1 ligand) blockade represents
a major breakthrough of anti-cancer therapies, however, it may come with increased risk of …

Background Although there have been a few studies reporting thromboembolic events
(TEEs) in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the detailed profile of the …

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in maintaining self-tolerance and in containing
allo-immune responses in the context of transplantation. Recent advances yielded the …

Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) expressed in non-immune cells is involved in
immune-mediated tissue damage in the context of inflammatory conditions and tumor …

Breast cancer (BC) continues to be the most diagnosed tumor in women and a very
heterogeneous disease both inter-and intratumoral, mainly given by the variety of molecular …

Background T cells play a pivotal role in chemotherapy-triggered anti-tumor effects.
Emerging evidence underscores the link between impaired anti-tumor immune responses …