Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is a complex and dynamic process
regulated by various pro-and anti-angiogenic molecules, which plays a crucial role in tumor …

Angiogenesis forms new vessels from existing ones. Abnormal angiogenesis, which is what
gives tumor microenvironments their distinctive features, is characterised by convoluted …

Despite the availability of an effective hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine and universal
immunization schedules, HBV has remained a health problem in various stages such as …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a widespread autoimmune disease that may even be
life-threatening. IBD is divided into two major subtypes: ulcerative colitis and Crohn's …

Neoplasms are a worldwide recognized non-contagious disease which has the most
mortality rate after cardiovascular diseases. For decades, there has been a vast amount of …

The heterocyclic vanilloid compound capsaicin is responsible for the spicy and pungent
flavor of chili peppers. Several convergent studies have shown that capsaicin suppresses …

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common cancer characterized by
increased angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator of …

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare neoplasm that is typically diagnosed in a
locally advanced stage, making it not eligible for radical surgery and requiring systemic …

Simple Summary Novel pharmacological approaches are needed to improve treatments of
advanced cancers, despite the considerable benefit of immunotherapy. New drugs are …

The immunotherapeutic approaches based on checkpoint inhibitors, tumor vaccination,
immune cell-based therapy, and cytokines were developed to engage the patient's immune …