ApoE is the major lipid and cholesterol carrier in the CNS. There are three major human
polymorphisms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, and the genetic expression of APOE4 is one of …

The pro-inflammatory immune response driven by microglia is a key contributor to the
pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Though the research of microglia …

Increasing evidence corroborates the fundamental role of neuroinflammation in the
development of epilepsy. Proinflammatory cytokines (PICs) are crucial contributors to the …

Chronic, excessive neuroinflammation is a key feature of neurodegenerative diseases such
as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, neuroinflammatory …

Adult neurogenesis occurs mainly in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus
and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. Evidence supports the critical role of …

The Long COVID/Post Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) group includes patients with
initial mild-to-moderate symptoms during the acute phase of the illness, in whom recovery is …

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD),
and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are characterized by neuronal degeneration and neuronal …

The involvement of the gut microbiota and the metabolites of colon-residing bacteria in brain
disease pathogenesis has been covered in a growing number of studies, but comparative …

The human brain is a complex, three‐dimensional structure. To better recapitulate brain
complexity, recent efforts have focused on the development of human‐specific midbrain …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression
at the post-transcriptional level and that play an important role in many cellular processes …