More than 50 cytokines signal via the JAK/STAT pathway to orchestrate hematopoiesis,
induce inflammation and control the immune response. Cytokines are secreted …

The growth hormone receptor (GHR), although most well known for regulating growth, has
many other important biological functions including regulating metabolism and controlling …

The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is
central to signaling by cytokine receptors, a superfamily of more than 30 transmembrane …

The JAK–STAT signal transduction pathway is responsible for mediating signals of over fifty
cytokines, growth factors and hormones. Signaling through the JAK–STAT pathway is …

Cities are pivotal hubs of socioeconomic activities, and consumption in cities contributes to
global environmental pressures. Compiling city-level multi-regional input-output (MRIO) …

Dysregulated growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion is usually caused by a GH-secreting
pituitary adenoma and leads to acromegaly—a disorder of disproportionate skeletal, tissue …

Introduction Class I cytokines regulate key processes such as growth, lactation,
hematopoiesis, and immune function and contribute to oncogenesis. Although the …

Pituitary tumors account for about 15% of primary intracranial neoplasms. Proliferation of
pituitary cells, which secrete hormones, may result in a spectrum of endocrine symptoms …

Prolactin is a hormone that is mainly secreted by lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary
gland, and is involved in many biological processes including lactation and reproduction …

The janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling
pathway is associated with the regulation of essential cellular mechanisms, such as …