Many antineoplastic drugs used to treat cancer, particularly alkylating agents and
topoisomerase inhibitors, are known to induce genetic damage in patients. Elevated levels …

Many studies have reported the occurrence of work-environment contamination by
antineoplastic drugs (ANPD), with significant incorporation of trace amounts of these …

Purpose Significant advances in the awareness of safe handling of HDs have been made
since the previous version of these guidelines was published in 2006. NIOSH has created a …

The toxicity of antineoplastic drugs is well documented. Many are known or suspected
human carcinogens where no safe exposure level exists. Authoritative guidelines developed …

Purpose The purpose of this study was to quantify the urine concentration of non-
metabolized cyclophosphamide (CP), a commonly administered antineoplastic drug, among …

We previously reported that antineoplastic drug contamination is found on various work
surfaces situated throughout the hospital medication system (process flow of drug within a …

The high toxicity of antineoplastic drugs (ADs) makes them dangerous not only for patients,
but also for exposed workers. Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide an updated …

The visualisation of DNA damage response proteins enables the indirect measurement of
DNA damage. Soon after the occurrence of a DNA double-strand break (DSB), the formation …

We previously reported that there is a potential for antineoplastic drug contamination
throughout the hospital medication system (process flow of drug within a facility from delivery …

Precautionary guidelines detailing standards of practice and equipment to eliminate or
minimize exposure to antineoplastic drugs during handling activities have been available for …