One fundamental question concerning brain reward mechanisms is to determine how
reward-related activity is influenced by the nature of rewards. Here, we review the …

Adolescence is characterized by making risky decisions. Early lesion and neuroimaging
studies in adults pointed to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and related structures as …

Neuroeconomics is the study of the neurobiological and computational basis of value-based
decision making. Its goal is to provide a biologically based account of human behaviour that …

Microeconomic theory maintains that purchases are driven by a combination of consumer
preference and price. Using event-related fMRI, we investigated how people weigh these …

Decision making consists of choosing among available options on the basis of a valuation of
their potential costs and benefits. Most theoretical models of decision making in behavioral …

Neuroscience has made considerable progress in understanding the neural substrates
supporting cognitive performance in a number of domains, including memory, perception …

Humans and animals are exquisitely, though idiosyncratically, sensitive to risk or variance in
the outcomes of their actions. Economic, psychological, and neural aspects of this are well …

The ability of human subjects to choose between disparate kinds of rewards suggests that
the neural circuits for valuing different reward types must converge. Economic theory …

Understanding how organisms deal with probabilistic stimulus-reward associations has
been advanced by a convergence between reinforcement learning models and primate …

How we estimate uncertainty is important in decision neuroscience and has wide-ranging
implications in basic and clinical neuroscience, from computational models of optimality to …