Although the multifaceted mechanisms underlying alcohol use disorder (AUD) have been
partially defined, the neurobiological complexity of this disorder is yet to be unraveled. One …

Dysfunctional signaling in midbrain reward circuits perpetuates diseases characterized by
compulsive overconsumption of rewarding substances such as substance abuse, binge …

Ghrelin is a peptide that is produced by endocrine cells that are primarily localized in the
stomach. Ghrelin receptors (GHSR) are expressed in the brain and periphery. Preclinical …

Obesity and other eating disorders are marked by dysregulations to brain metabolic,
hedonic, motivational, and sensory systems that control food intake. Classic approaches in …

Unhealthy alcohol consumption is a global health problem. Adverse individual, public
health, and socioeconomic consequences are attributable to harmful alcohol use …

There is a substantial need for new pharmacological treatments of addiction, and appetite-
regulatory peptides are implied as possible candidates. Appetite regulation is complex and …

Gambling disorder (GD) is a modestly prevalent and severe condition for which
neurobiology is not yet fully understood. Although alterations in signals involved in energy …

Ghrelin receptor, also known as growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a), is
coexpressed with its truncated isoform GHS-R1b, which does not bind ghrelin or signal, but …

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is often described as repeated phases of binge drinking,
compulsive alcohol-taking, craving for alcohol during withdrawal, and drinking with an aim to …

Ghrelin is an octanoylated peptide acting by the activation of the growth hormone
secretagogue receptor, namely, GHS-R1a. The involvement of ghrelin in several …