Retention is necessary following orthodontic treatment to prevent relapse of the final
occlusal outcome. Relapse can occur as a result of forces from the periodontal fibres around …

Long-term posttreatment stability is an issue of great concern to all orthodontists. This article
highlights the factors reported to play a role in posttreatment crowding and reviews the long …

Objective: To evaluate morphologic stability and patient satisfaction at least 5 years after
orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Published literature was searched through …

Introduction The flexible spiral wire (FSW) canine-to-canine lingual retainer bonded to all 6
anterior teeth is a frequently used type of mandibular fixed retainer. This study aimed to …

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment and posttreatment changes in the
facial and dental parameters in two groups of patients with Class II, Division 1 …

A study of the literature reveals a variety of opinions on the potential for change in arch
dimensions. The variations in sample sizes, treatment mechanics, and retention regimens …

Introduction: The flexible spiral wire (FSW) retainer is the most frequently used type of fixed
retainer bonded on all 6 anterior teeth. Our aim in this article was to demonstrate …

The benefits of orthodontic treatment are numerous and in most cases, the benefits outweigh
the possible disadvantages. Orthodontic treatment can play an important role in enhancing …

Long-term stability of orthodontic treatment results is problematic. Long-term or even lifelong
retention with bonded retainers is being increasingly used among clinicians. Bonded …

Rather little is known about the changes in orthodontic treatment results exceeding a
decade after treatment. The purpose of this study was to quantify changes in tooth …