Over the past decades, the number of patients with dry eye disease (DED) has increased
dramatically. The incidence of DED is higher in Asia than in Europe and North America …

The goals of the TFOS DEWS II Definition and Classification Subcommittee were to create
an evidence-based definition and a contemporary classification system for dry eye disease …

The subcommittee reviewed the prevalence, incidence, risk factors, natural history, morbidity
and questionnaires reported in epidemiological studies of dry eye disease (DED). A meta …

The members of the Management and Therapy Subcommittee undertook an evidence-
based review of current dry eye therapies and management options. Management options …

The members of the Tear Film Subcommittee reviewed the role of the tear film in dry eye
disease (DED). The Subcommittee reviewed biophysical and biochemical aspects of tears …

Abstract The TFOS DEWS II Pathophysiology Subcommittee reviewed the mechanisms
involved in the initiation and perpetuation of dry eye disease. Its central mechanism is …

Digital device usage has increased substantially in recent years across all age groups, so
that extensive daily use for both social and professional purposes is now normal. Digital eye …

This article presents an Executive Summary of the conclusions and recommendations of the
10-chapter TFOS DEWS II report. The entire TFOS DEWS II report was published in the July …

Purpose To provide estimates for the prevalence of dry eye disease globally and in sub‐
groups defined by: diagnostic criterion, sex, geographic location and age, using a Bayesian …

Eye strain when performing tasks reliant on a digital environment can cause discomfort,
affecting productivity and quality of life. Digital eye strain (the preferred terminology) was …