The innate immune system has the capacity to detect 'non-self'molecules derived from
pathogens, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, via pattern recognition …

Monocytes and macrophages are central players of the innate immune response and play a
pivotal role in the regulation of inflammation. Thereby, they actively participate in all phases …

Ferroptosis is a form of iron‐dependent regulated cell death characterized by the
accumulation of toxic lipid peroxides, particularly in the plasma membrane, leading to lytic …

Ferroptosis is a type of regulated necrosis that is triggered by a combination of iron toxicity,
lipid peroxidation, and plasma membrane damage. The upstream inducers of ferroptosis …

Vascular dementia is the second-most cause of dementia, characterized by cerebral infarcts,
white matter lesions, myelin loss and often amyloid angiopathy. Hence, vascular damage is …

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a non-specific multi-ligand
pattern recognition receptor capable of binding to a range of structurally diverse ligands …

Amyloid-β (Aβ) is the predominant pathologic protein in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The
production and deposition of Aβ are important factors affecting AD progression and …

Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of labour loss and disability worldwide, and it also
imposes a severe economic burden on patients and society. Among symptomatic LBP …

COVID-19 has attracted global attention due to its rapid spread around the world with
substantial morbidity and associated mortality. Severe COVID-19 can be complicated by the …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause
of dementia, with accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) as …