Background The role of the extracranial venous system in the pathology of central nervous
system (CNS) disorders and aging is largely unknown. It is acknowledged that the …

The extra-cranial venous system is complex and not well studied in comparison to the
peripheral venous system. A newly proposed vascular condition, named chronic …

Background: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has been proposed as a
possible cause of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives: The CoSMo study evaluated the …

Background: The pathologic consequences of inflammatory responses in chronic
cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) remains poorly understood. Hence, this study …

Purpose: To determine whether a correlation exists between chronic cerebrospinal venous
insufficiency (CCSVI) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Materials and Methods: A meta-analysis …

Background The retinal microcirculation has been studied in various diseases including
multiple sclerosis (MS). However, inter-eye correlations and potential differences of the …

Background There is no established noninvasive or invasive diagnostic imaging modality at
present that can serve as a 'gold standard'or “benchmark” for the detection of the venous …

Objectives Numerous studies have indicated that chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency
is a potential factor in causing multiple sclerosis in recent years, but this conclusion remains …

Zusammenfassung Die Ultrahochfeldmagnetresonanztomographie (UHF-MRT) rückt
zunehmend in den Fokus des medizinischen Forschungsinteresses. Sie ermöglicht dank …

This review summarizes the research to date on chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency
(CCSVI). CCSVI was initially defined as a clinical syndrome comprising stenoses of the …