Peptides are recognized as being highly selective, potent and relatively safe as potential
therapeutics. Peptides isolated from the venom of different animals satisfy most of these …

Peptidyl toxins are used extensively to determine the pharmacology of ion channels. Four
families of peptides have been purified from scorpion venom. In this article, the classification …

Most scorpion toxins are ligand peptides that recognize and bind to integral membrane
proteins known as ion-channels. To date there are at least 202 distinct sequences …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS)
characterized by demyelination, with a relative sparing of axons. In MS patients, many …

Potassium channels are tetrameric membrane proteins that selectively conduct K+ across
cellular membranes. With 78 family members, K+ channels make up about half of the …

The discovery of a diverse and unique set of ion channels in T lymphocytes has led to a
rapidly growing body of knowledge about their functional roles in the immune system. Here …

Animal venoms and toxins are now recognized as major sources of bioactive molecules that
may be tomorrow's new drug leads. Their complexity and their potential as drug sources …

The voltage-gated potassium channel KV 1.3 is a well-established therapeutic target for a
range of autoimmune diseases, in addition to being the site of action of many venom-derived …

The potassium channel Kv1. 3 is an attractive pharmacological target for autoimmune
diseases. Specific peptide inhibitors are key prospects for diagnosing and treating these …

Abstract The KV1. 3 voltage‐gated potassium ion channel is involved in many physiological
processes both at the plasma membrane and in the mitochondria, chiefly in the immune and …