Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine composed of two subunits, IL-23A (p19)
and IL-12/23B (p40), the latter shared with Interleukin-12 (IL-12). IL-23 is mainly produced …

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is
activated by small molecules provided by the diet, microorganisms, metabolism, and …

Since the molecular cloning of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in 1986, many other cytokines have been
found to share the same signal transducer, gp130, in their receptor complexes. Thus, the IL …

The discovery of interleukin (IL)-6 and its receptor subunits provided a foundation to
understand the biology of a group of related cytokines: IL-12, IL-23, and IL-27. These family …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the CNS. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
contributes to the MS pathogenesis because high levels of EBV EBNA 386–405-specific …

CD4+ T cells are crucial for directing appropriate immune responses during host defense
and for the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. In addition to the classical biphasic …

Chemokines and cytokines are critical for initiating and coordinating the organized and
sequential recruitment and activation of cells into Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected …

IL‐6 is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in the physiology of virtually every organ system.
Recent studies have demonstrated that IL‐6 has a very important role in regulating the …

Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a cytokine with strikingly diverse influences on the immune
response. Although it was initially linked with the development of Th1 responses, it is now …

Advancing our understanding of mechanisms of immune regulation in allergy, asthma,
autoimmune diseases, tumor development, organ transplantation, and chronic infections …