The purpose of this chapter is to provide readers with a general overview of the fish immune
system, including commonalities and particularities in comparison with higher vertebrate …

In recent years, the subject of natural antibodies has been revisited and the
immunobiological roles of these humoral factors are being better defined. These antibodies …

Autoimmunity is mediated by a variety of mechanisms, molecular and cellular events, and
responses. Predisposition to a given autoimmune response requires the requisite allele (s) …

In Chile, the salmon and trout farmed fishing industries have rapidly grown during the last
years, becoming one of the most important economic sources for the country. However …

Autoantibodies are immunoglobulins that react against normal host proteins and may be
natural or pathologic. 1 Natural autoantibodies are germline responses that develop from …

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is initiated when natural Abs recognize
neoantigens that are revealed on ischemic cells. Cr2−/− mice, deficient in complement …

For early detection of cancer, education and screening are important, but the most critical
factor is the development of early diagnostic tools. Methods that recognize the warning signs …

The question of whether Ab responses to T-dependent Ags require B cell intrinsic signaling
via the main TLR adaptor (MyD88) has become embroiled in confusion. In part this may be …

The innate or natural immunity is the basis and key for all immune processes. Specific
receptors on macrophages, dendrites, NK cells and natural antibodies producing B cells act …

This review combines the data obtained before the beginning of the 1990s with results
published during the last two decades. The predominant form of the IgM molecule is a …