The relative shortage of human organs for transplantation is today the major barrier to a
broader use of transplantation as a means of treating patients with end‐stage organ failure …

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of pneumonia, which claims the lives
of people over the age of 65 y seven times more frequently than those aged 5–49 y. B-1a …

Birth in all higher vertebrates is at the center of the critical window of development in which
newborns transition from dependence on innate immunity to dependence on their own …

The conceptualization of immunological self is amongst the most important theories of
modern biology, representing a sort of theoretical guideline for experimental immunologists …

Immunity is not only responsible for recognition and elimination of infectious particles, but
also for removal of cellular waste, modified self structures and transformed cells. Innate or …

Miscarriage, defined as the loss of a pregnancy before a viable gestation, affects 1 in 6
couples. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), defined as two or more miscarriages, affects up to …

Recent studies have revealed that fecal microbiota transplantation exerts beneficial effects
on modulating stress-related inflammation and gastrointestinal health of the host. The aim of …

Human cord blood cell-derived IgM antibodies are important for the neonate immune
responses and construction of germline-based immunoglobulin libraries. Several previous …

The overexpanded clone in most B-cell-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia (BCLL) patients
expresses an immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain variable (VH) region gene with some level of …

Accumulating evidence indicates that positive selection events mediate differentiation,
lineage commitment, and longevity of B lymphocytes. The BCR plays a central role, dictating …