Aerosolised drugs are prescribed for use in a range of inhaler devices and systems.
Delivering drugs by inhalation requires a formulation that can be successfully aerosolised …

Francisella tularensis is a facultative intracellular gram-negative pathogen and the
etiological agent of the zoonotic disease tularemia. Recent advances in the field of …

Studies of immune responses to Francisella have been conducted for well over 50 years.
Here, the basic parameters of innate and adaptive immune responses to Francisella are …

This review will discuss developments in the field of pulmonary vaccine delivery. The
possibilities of adopting aerosol-generation technology and specific pharmaceutical …

In recent years, studies on the intracellular pathogen Francisella tularensis have greatly
intensified, generating a wealth of new information on the interaction of this organism with …

Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis (type A) strain SCHU S4 is a prototypic strain of the
pathogen that is highly virulent for humans and other mammals. Its intradermal (id) 50 …

Pneumonia is a serious problem worldwide. We recently demonstrated that innate defense
mechanisms of the lung are highly inducible against pneumococcal pneumonia. To …

Francisella tularensis, the highly virulent etiologic agent of tularemia, is a low-dose
intracellular pathogen that is able to escape from the phagosome and replicate in the …

Inhaled pharmaceuticals are formulated and delivered differently according to the
therapeutic indication. However, specific device-formulation coupling is often fickle, and new …

The role of Abs in protection against respiratory infection with the intracellular bacterium
Francisella tularensis is not clear. To investigate the ability of Abs to clear bacteria from the …