Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway positively regulates the cell growth
through ribosome biogenesis in many cell type. In general, myostatin is understood to …

Skeletal muscle atrophy can be a consequence of many diseases, environmental insults,
inactivity, age, and injury. Atrophy is characterized by active degradation, removal of …

Translating fundamental biological discoveries from NASA Space Biology program into
health risk from space flights has been an ongoing challenge. We propose to use NASA …

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a degenerative disease that affects both
cartilage and subchondral bone. We used microarray to identify changes in gene expression …

Epigenetic events are differentially expressed in the lungs and airways of patients with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Moreover, epigenetic mechanisms are …

The safety of space flight is challenged by a severe loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength,
and endurance that may compromise the health and performance of astronauts. The …

Mechanical unloading in microgravity during spaceflight is known to cause muscular
atrophy, changes in muscle fiber composition, gene expression, and reduction in …

MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by
binding to the 3untranslated regions (3UTR) of their target mRNAs. MiRs were shown to play …

Bioinformatics approaches have proven useful in understanding biological responses to
spaceflight. Spaceflight experiments remain resource intensive and rare. One outstanding …

Skeletal muscle comprising approximately 40% of body weight is highly important for
locomotion and metabolic homeostasis. The growth and regeneration of skeletal muscle are …