Management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) commonly starts with an empiric
trial of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy and complementary lifestyle measures, for …

The advent of powerful acid-suppressive drugs, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), has
revolutionized the management of acid-related diseases and has minimized the role of …

Functional esophageal disorders consist of a disease category that presents with
esophageal symptoms (heartburn, chest pain, dysphagia, globus) that are not explained by …

Background Recently, it has been suggested that low esophageal basal impedance may
reflect impaired mucosal integrity and increased acid sensitivity. We aimed to compare …

Nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) represents the more common phenotypic presentation of
GERD and comprises patients who have typical symptoms without any mucosal breaks at …

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder of the upper gastrointestinal
tract which is typically characterized by heartburn and acid regurgitation. These symptoms …

Background Microscopic esophagitis (ME) is common in patients with non-erosive reflux
disease (NERD), and dilation of intercellular spaces (DIS) has been regarded as the …

Background & Aims Esophageal impedance measurements have been proposed to indicate
the status of the esophageal mucosa, and might be used to study the roles of the impaired …

Reflux hypersensitivity, recently introduced by Rome IV as a new functional esophageal
disorder, is currently considered as the presence of typical heartburn symptoms in patients …

The Montreal definition of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) provided a rationale for
acid suppression medication without investigation, thus enhancing the management of the …