The ocean holds vast quantities of carbon that it continually exchanges with the atmosphere
through the air-sea interface. Because of its enormous size and relatively rapid exchange of …

The increased use of hydropower is currently driving the greatest surge in global dam
construction since the mid-20th century, meaning that most major rivers on Earth are now …

Phytoplankton blooms in coastal oceans can be beneficial to coastal fisheries production
and ecosystem function, but can also cause major environmental problems,—yet detailed …

Baleen whales influence their ecosystems through immense prey consumption and nutrient
recycling,–. It is difficult to accurately gauge the magnitude of their current or historic …

Microalgae produce a variety of compounds that are beneficial to human and animal health.
Among these compounds are carotenoids, which are microalgal pigments with unique …

Nitrogen fixation in the surface ocean impacts global marine nitrogen bioavailability and
thus microbial primary productivity. Until now, cyanobacterial populations have been viewed …

Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) constitute one of the most diverse and ecologically important
groups of phytoplankton. They are considered to be particularly important in nutrient-rich …

Polysaccharides are major components of macroalgal and phytoplankton biomass and
constitute a large fraction of the organic matter produced and degraded in the ocean. Until …

Marine phytoplankton blooms are annual spring events that sustain active and diverse
bloom-associated bacterial populations. Blooms vary considerably in terms of eukaryotic …

Protists dominate eukaryotic diversity and play key functional roles in all ecosystems,
particularly by catalyzing carbon and nutrient cycling. To date, however, a comparative …