Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are unique extracellular matrix structures that wrap around certain
neurons in the CNS during development and control plasticity in the adult CNS. They appear …

Both the cerebellum and the basal ganglia are known for their roles in motor control and
motivated behavior. These two systems have been classically considered as independent …

During restricted time windows of postnatal life, called critical periods, neural circuits are
highly plastic and are shaped by environmental stimuli. In several mammalian brain areas …

Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. Genetic
variation contributes to initiation, regular smoking, nicotine dependence, and cessation. We …

The neuromodulatory arousal system imbues the nervous system with the flexibility and
robustness required to facilitate adaptive behaviour. While there are well understood …

Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit psychoactive substance worldwide; around one
in ten users become dependent. The risk for cannabis use disorder (CUD) has a strong …

Abstract Purpose of Review With the advent of the genome-wide association study (GWAS),
our understanding of the genetics of addiction has made significant strides forward. Here …

Evidence of direct reciprocal connections between the cerebellum and basal ganglia has
challenged the long-held notion that these structures function independently. While …

Alcohol is a widely consumed drug that can lead to addiction and severe brain damage.
However, alcohol is also used as self-medication for psychiatric problems, such as …

Background Whereas acute nicotine administration alters brain function which may, in turn,
contribute to enhanced attention and performance, chronic cigarette smoking is linked with …