Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses type 1 and 2 are retroviruses that share the same routes
of transmission as HIV-1. Since these agents are prevalent simultaneously in different parts …

Retroviral coinfections with HIV-1 and HTLV-1 or with HIV-1 and HTLV-2 occur with variable
frequencies throughout the world with the highest prevalence in large metropolitan areas in …

HIV-1 is the most prevalent retrovirus, with over 30 million people infected worldwide.
Nevertheless, infection caused by other human retroviruses like HIV-2, HTLV-1, HTLV-2 …

The human retroviruses HIV-1 and HTLV-1/HTLV-2 share similar routes of transmission but
cause significantly different diseases. In this review we have outlined the immune mediated …

Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 is associated with some neurologic diseases, mainly
human T lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis …

HTLV type 1 and 2 are both involved in actively spreading epidemics, affecting over 15
million people worldwide. HTLV-1 has been described as the more clinically significant one …

People living with HIV-1 and HTLV-2 concomitantly show slower CD4+ T cell depletion and
AIDS progression, more frequency of the natural control of HIV-1, and lower mortality rates …

Introduction Understanding of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) remains largely based on
epidemiologic and clinical data from endemic areas. Globalization has resulted in migration …

HIV/human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) coinfection has a large range of prevalence in
the different risk groups and geographic regions of the world. Most of the HTLV-infected …

The human body constitutes a balanced ecosystem of its own cells together with various
microbes (“host-microbe ecosystem”). The transmission of HIV-1 and the progression of HIV …