Flavonoids are characterized as the low molecular weight polyphenolic compounds
universally distributed in planta. They are a chemically varied group of secondary …

The drought stress responses of vascular plants are complex regulatory mechanisms
because they include various physiological responses from signal perception under water …

Contents Summary I. Introduction II. Cold stress and physiological responses in plants III.
Sensing of cold signals in plants IV. Messenger molecules involved in cold signal …

Several environmental stresses, including biotic and abiotic factors, adversely affect the
growth and development of crops, thereby lowering their yield. However, abiotic factors, eg …

Microplastic contamination poses a significant threat to agroecosystem functioning,
provoking a move away from the use of conventional oil-based plastics in agriculture, to …

Background In response to various environmental stresses, many plant species synthesize L-
proline in the cytosol and accumulates in the chloroplasts. L-Proline accumulation in plants …

Abiotic stresses rewire plant central metabolism to maintain metabolic and energy
homeostasis. Metabolites involved in the plant central metabolic network serve as a hub for …

Experience and memory of environmental stimuli that indicate future stress can prepare
(prime) organismic stress responses even in species lacking a nervous system. The process …

Significance: The imino acid proline is utilized by different organisms to offset cellular
imbalances caused by environmental stress. The wide use in nature of proline as a stress …

Cold stress negatively affects maize (Zea mays L.) growth, development and yield. Metabolic
adjustments contribute to the adaptation of maize under cold stress. We show here that the …