Introduction: The development of new strategies for the induction of potent and broad
immune responses is of high priority in the vaccine field. In this setting, integrase-defective …

Integration is a central event in the replication of retroviruses, yet≥ 90% of HIV-1 reverse
transcripts fail to integrate, resulting in accumulation of unintegrated viral DNA in cells …

Integrase (IN) defective lentiviral vectors have a high safety profile and might prove useful as
immunizing agents especially against HIV-1. However, IN defective SIV-based vectors must …

Nonintegrating lentiviral vectors are being developed as a efficient and safe delivery system
for both gene therapy and vaccine purposes. Several reports have demonstrated that a …

CD8+ T cells are an essential component of an effective host immune response to tumors
and viral infections. Genetic immunization is particularly suitable for inducing CTL …

Macrophages are found in tissues throughout the body and are important immune cells,
however, these tissue macrophages are difficult to collect and study. Therefore, the ability to …

The suppression of viral loads and identification of selection signatures in non-human
primates after challenge are indicators for effective human immunodeficiency virus …

This chapter first describes the history of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
vaccine development (with a discussion of why" traditional" forms of vaccine have failed). It …

Macrophages are innate immune cells that play important roles in various physiological and
pathological processes. Evaluation of pro‐inflammatory effects of drugs on macrophages …

Pleiotropic Nature of HIVâ•’1 Integrase Mutations Page 1 6 PLEIOTROPIC NATURE OF HIV-1
INTEGRASE MUTATIONS ALAN ENGELMAN Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS …