Pupil‐size changes are typically associated with the pupil light response (PLR), where they
are driven by the physical entry of light into the eye. However, pupil‐size changes are also …

The distinction between perception and cognition figures centrally in many philosophical
debates, including debates about the justificatory role of perceptual experience, the …

Sensory visual areas are involved in encoding information in visual short-term memory
(VSTM). Yet it remains unclear whether sensory visual cortex is a necessary component of …

Working memory (WM) supports future behavior by retaining perceptual information
obtained in the recent past. The present study tested the hypothesis that WM recodes …

In a dynamic environment, the already limited information that human working memory can
maintain needs to be constantly updated to optimally guide behaviour. Indeed, previous …

In visual crowding, an item representation is degraded by adjacent flanker items. Recently,
the related phenomenon of visual working memory (VWM) crowding has been used to …

Errors in stimulus estimation reveal how stimulus representation changes during cognitive
processes. Repulsive bias and minimum variance observed near cardinal axes are well …

Given the widely accepted role of working memory (WM) in human cognition across tasks
and domains, a central question has been, Is WM domain general? However, the term …

The ability to stably maintain visual information over brief delays is central to cognitive
functioning. One possible way to achieve robust working memory maintenance is by having …

A prominent view holds that perception and memory are distinguished at least partly by their
temporal orientation: Perception functions to represent the present, while memory functions …